Canadian Regulations

Definitions and Basic Regulations

Launch weight: total weight when it is ready for flight including any equipment, instruments and maximum quantity of fuel and oil it is designed to carry, but does not include the weight of any float equipment up to 34kg, the weight of the occupant, or the weight of any ballistic parachute installation. In the case of any float equipment weighing over 34 kg, the weight exceeding this amount must be included in the hunch weight.

Wing loading: The wing loading is the total of the launch weight plus the weight of the occupant(s) divided by the total wing area, which gives a result in kilograms per square metre (kg/m2). The manufacturer should be able to provide the correctly calculated wing area for your aeroplane.

Wing Loading =  Launch Weight + Weight of Occupant(s)
                                            Total Wing Area

Note: For registration purposes only, the weight of an occupant is considered to be 80 kg (176 Ibs).

Single place aeroplane: designed to carry not more than one person, launch weight of 165 kg (363.8 pounds) or less, and a wing area, expressed in square metres, of not less than the launch weight minus 15, divided by 10, and in no case less than 10 m2;

Two place instructional aeroplane: launch weight of 195 kg (429.9 pounds) or less, and a wing area, expressed in square metres, of not less than 10 m2 and a wing loading of not more than 25 kg / m2 (5.12 pounds/ft.2), the wing loading being calculated using the launch weight plus the occupant weight of 80 kg (176.4 pounds) per person; or,

an aeroplane having no more than two seats, designed and manufactured to have a maximum take-off weight of 544 kg (1199 pounds) and a stall speed in the landing configuration (Vso) of 39 knots (45 mph) or less indicated airspeed at the maximum take-off weight. 

Registration:  All ultralights are required to be registered, and display the registration marks, as well as displaying on a fireproof plate manufacturer, model, and serial #. (CAR 20-202) TC page

Insurance:  Owners of powered parachutes are required to carry liability insurance (CAR 606.02) covering risks of public liability in an amount not less than $100,000.

Documents: Required to be carried on board - licenses and permits of all crew members, registration certificate, radio license and certificate of proficiency, if a radio is carried, proof of insurance, copy of visual signals and procedures to be used in the event of interception.

Operations: In general passenger carrying is not permitted, however dual flight is allowed for instructional purposes, and where the passenger  holds a pilot document (permit/license) that affords them the privilege to fly an ultra-light aeroplane in Canada. i.e. an ultra-light pilot can carry another ultra-light pilot as a passenger. The carriage of passengers is otherwise prohibited. Changes in the works can be read here.

Flights must be carried out under daylight VFR conditions, to define "daylight": in respect of any place in Canada, the period of time in any day where the centre of the sun's disc is less than 6 degrees below the horizon, and in any place where the sun rises and sets daily, may be considered to be the period of time commencing 1/2 hour before sunrise and 1/2 hour after sunset.

Ultralights may not be flown within 5 nautical miles of the centre of any airport, or in controlled airspace, however:
A person may operate an ultralight within 5 nautical miles from the centre of an airport or within a control zone of an uncontrolled airport where the person has obtained prior permission from the airport operator; or;
A person may operate an ultralight within a control zone of a controlled airport if that person has obtained clearance by two-way radio voice communications from the airport tower unit of that airport.

Safety Equipment: Protective helmets are required, as are seatbelts (attached to the primary aircraft structure, ie: frame)

 

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